Germany's Self-Employment Permit: What Founders Should Know

Updated October 2026.

Germany has no dedicated startup visa. Founders use the residence permit for self-employment under Section 21 of the Residence Act. The fixed investment minimum was removed in 2012.

How the decision is made Officials look at economic interest and regional need and secured financing. Roughly €250,000 is often quoted for a GmbH but that is not a legal requirement. The local Chamber of Commerce takes part in the assessment. Applicants over 45 must also show adequate retirement provision.

What you receive The permit lasts up to 3 years and can be renewed. Your spouse and children under 18 can join through family reunification. Your spouse may work.

The path to settlement Successful entrepreneurs can apply for a settlement permit after 3 years. That step requires B1 German. Citizenship is possible after 5 years under the June 2024 nationality reform.

Practical tips Requirements vary by city. Ask the local authority which documents it wants before you build your plan. A strong business plan and a clear financing story matter more than any single number.

Sources: make-it-in-germany.com and the ORBIZLY program review of September 15, 2026.